Details | Unit | Q1FY19 | Q4FY19 | FY18 |
Reported EBITDA | Rs. Mn | 1,228 | 1,098 | 3,785 |
Merger-Demerger Transaction Expenses | Rs. Mn | 108 | 129 | 169 |
Operational EBITDA | Rs. Mn | 1,336 | 1,227 | 3,954 |
Reported EBITDA Margin | % | 12.11% | 11.36% | 10.33% |
Operational EBITDA Margin | % | 13.18% | 12.70% | 10.79% |
- The merger of KPIT and Birlasoft will create a USD 700+ Million entity which will immediately demerge into two separate companies:
- KPIT Technologies (USD 220+ Million revenue company, post-merger), a global leader in Automotive Engineering and Mobility Solutions, which will evolve from the existing Engineering business of KPIT.
- Birlasoft (a USD 500+ Million revenue company, post-merger), a new Digital Business IT Services company, focusing on the mid-tier IT space formed by combining Birlasoft with the KPIT's IT business.
IES SBU contributed 30.3% of the total revenue for the quarter depicting a sequential growth of 2.7%.
SAP SBU contributed 17.7% of the total revenue for the quarter depicting a decline of 3.5%.
Oracle
- Oracle is supporting JD Edwards (JDE) customers by extending the JDE 9.2 premier support till at least Dec 2030 and sustaining support indefinitely. This has boosted the number of customers looking to upgrade to the latest release E9.2. We see good traction for JDE on Oracle Cloud (OCI) and we are the Managed Service Provider (MSP) for Oracle cloud Infrastructure.
- With digital transformation, we are developing and enhancing several tools which will accelerate upgrade lifecycle like ProDart, REPLICA, Add-on-packs for IMPACTA among others.
- We continue to invest in EBS tool-sets and our strong capabilities in On-Premise combined with experience in Cloud ERP, EPM, SCM, HCM and CX positions us as an SI capable of providing full services.
- We are focused on delivery led growth and working with our Strategic Accounts to advise clients on their ERP and Cloud Strategy.
SAP
- The key areas where we see maximum traction are HANA, Cloud, Hybris and C4C Solutions.
- We are aligning with SAP's focus on Digital Transformation with the launch of SAP Leonardo, including connected manufacturing, digital supply chain, integrated business planning, intelligent ERP and connected logistics offerings.
- With SAP's partnership we also see momentum in new C/4HANA offerings like Gigya and Callidus.
- Our IP continues to gain recognition including HANA Toolkit, SimpleCommerce and Smart AMS.
IMS
- The major areas of traction are hybrid cloud and DevOps related opportunities, workplace automation and end-user experience enhancing tools, security related areas- GDPR assessment, cyber and data security and ERP hosting on public clouds.
- With focus on security, we have made significant investment in security domain in terms of partner ecosystem and COE setup.
- We are approaching clients with ITSM based value add solutions like chatbots and ServiceNow related automations.
ePLM
- There is growing focus on Global Product Registration Solution, role-based apps connecting to multiple enterprise system and PLM and ALM analytics.
- Our Global Product Registration Solution is available across PLM platforms while our PLM analytics solution is leveraging PTC Thingworx platform.
- During the quarter we closed deals in areas such as ALM implementation and digital transformation.
Thought Leadership (Business IT)
- KPIT has formed a strategic collaboration with Kinetiq, the leader in life sciences and clinical research management consulting to deliver new life-sciences focused business technology applications. Kinetiq will provide professional regulatory compliance consulting capabilities to KPIT customers, including software solutions engagements that require a Part 11 audit, program development, and implementation. Whereas, KPIT will complement Kinetiq's management consulting services with value-added custom software development, systems integration, application and infrastructure support outsourcing, testing-as-a service (TaaS), and project management.
- KPIT was involved at the Oracle OpenWorld Brazil held between June 20-21, 2018 at Ibirapuera Park, São Paulo (Brazil) where it showcased its innovative solutions and capabilities within Oracle Business Suites.
- KPIT participated in SAPPHIRE NOW and ASUG Annual Conference 2018 between June 5-7, 2018 at Orlando, Florida (U.S.A), where it presented solutions and customer success stories around SAP Business Suites.
The overall digital revenues including digital in SAP and Oracle are ~ 31% of the Business IT revenues of the company.
DT SBU (which addresses DT outside of SAP and Oracle) constituted 10.5% of the total revenue for the quarter with sequential growth of 2.2%.
- We see growing demand for services around mobile factory initiatives, cloud adoption and new edge technologies, Bot-as-a-service, connected product and factory initiatives.
- With augmented reality, our workwear platform is rapidly expanding its suite of applications to deliver faster time to market.
- We are leveraging our Akoya Platform to analyze and deliver analytics focusing on CRM Analytics space.
- Our Asset management solutions are helping customers to track their assets, improve their performance and predict maintenance needs.
- Our Joint go to market strategy and partnerships in IoT and AI areas is aimed at helping customers move towards a digital ecosystem.
Thought Leadership
- Forbes India published an article by KPIT's thought leader within the Digital space titled - 'Connected Factories and Business Application of Smart Glass' article.
PES SBU contributed 38.2% of the total revenue for the quarter, depicting a sequential growth of 5.5%.
- The key practices with high traction includes Autonomous Driving Solutions (AD-ADAS), AUTOSAR, Connectivity (Infotainment) and ePowertrain (Electric Powertrain) and we have won a few deals across these domains during the quarter.
Thought Leadership (Engineering)
- KPIT demonstrated its expertise in the ePowertrain space at The Battery Show Europe 2018 between May 15-17, 2018 in Hanover, Germany.
- KPIT participated in Cognitive Vehicles 2018 event and shared its perspective on "Effective techniques for Ground Truth Creation in Autonomous Vehicles using Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning".
- KPIT participated in a panel discussion on "Electrification at the core of future automotive transmissions – driving efficiency and performance" at Trasmission.tech 2018.
- KPIT has been a key contributor to the automotive industry in various forums. KPIT recently authored articles on "Smart Charging" and "Embedded Vehicle Diagnostics" in HANSER Automotive, a leading German magazine covering all domains in automotive electronics.
P&P SBU contributed 3.3% to the total revenue for the quarter and it declined by 39.6%.
- The Skyline Pro-E electric buses powered by KPIT's innovative electrification technology 'REVOLO" commenced commercial operations for public transport in New Town Kolkata (India) on May 1, 2018.
- MaximusPro is listed on Amazon Launch Pad, which is an exclusive e-commerce platform from Amazon for products developed by startups. MaximusPro went live on 22nd June and within just 4-5 days of launch, it was listed in top 2-3 products amongst 40,000 odd products in the category of navigation devices.
- KPIT has been recognized with two Manufacturing Leadership Awards by Frost and Sullivan for its clean and Smart technology solutions in the urban mobility sector. KPIT's Integrated Intelligent Transport Systems and Revolo® have earned awards in the Smart Products and Services and Sustainability categories respectively.
Thought Leadership
- NITI Aayog has constituted 'National Intelligent Transport System Committee' to work towards a coherent Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Policy for the nation. The committee comprises of three working groups. KPIT has been invited to be a part of them and is actively contributing to the committee thus paving path for smart transportation in India.
Automotive vertical contributed 46.7% of total revenue for the quarter, registering a Q-o-Q growth of 2%.
- In the Automotive and Transportation vertical, we have a clear leadership and domain expertise in embedded electronics with focus on five main areas viz. Powertrain (Electric and Traditional), Autonomous Driving (AD-ADAS), Connected Vehicles (Infotainment), Vehicle Diagnostics, AUTOSAR and security. These are the very areas where there are large investments being made and planned to be made by the global auto majors. We believe there is a huge growth opportunity in these areas in the next 3-5 years, if not more. We are committed to making technology investments to develop our own IPs, tools, software products and platforms to enhance our growth and fortify our leadership position in the Automotive and transportation vertical.
Manufacturing vertical contributed 29.3% of total revenue for the quarter, depicting a Q-o-Q growth of 3.3%.
- In Life sciences industry, we see growing momentum for IoT programs for service enablement, while there is higher adoption of cloud solutions in regulatory compliance sensitive areas like track and trace, MDM, PLM. Technologies enabling modern/ connected/ IoT Manufacturing 4.0 are also gaining pace. Some of the key areas where we are investing and developing offerings include cold chain management, Blockchain, integrated smart glass applications, DaaS and CPQ cloud solution for medical device manufacturers.
- In Hi-Tech industry, there is emergence of new business models and supporting technologies. The industry has been witnessing frequent M&As, which emphasize the need for right solutions and joint GTM strategy. There is also growing opportunity with complex supply chain networks. We are offering solutions to address these trends- PLM/ ALM solutions, IoT, Big Data and Analytics solutions/ CPQ, Cloud readiness, Data Quality and MES Solution/ Stratos M&A, HighTECH Edge/ Channel management, Remote Service and Warranty Analytics/ Global Trade management, among others.
- The Consumer and Industrial Goods industry faces numerous challenges due to volatility in global markets, intense competition, cost pressures, changing business models, and ever changing expectations of consumers. However, amidst these challenges lie many opportunities that are largely led by technological advancements. We provide services, best practices, deep knowledge and expertise in Industrial Goods domain to help clients optimize value chain and become more productive.
Energy vertical contributed 12.6% of the total revenue for the quarter depicting a sequential growth of 9.1%.
- The economic uncertainties and changing market dynamics in the Energy industry create several challenges and related opportunities. Companies face pressure related to margins and regulatory compliance, scarcity of resources and skilled people, and increasing operational costs, among others. We provide ways to modernize business processes, better connect systems with newer technologies, gain insights for quick and better decision making, and optimally utilize resources and skills.
Utilities vertical contributed 5.3% of the total revenue for the quarter depicting a sequential decline of 7.3%.
- The modern Utility faces an array of challenges due to growing demand, stricter regulations, environmental mandates, and consumer expectations. These challenges require strategic technology investment and innovation. The major trends in the industry today are convergence of information and operations technology, increased use of connected devices, increasing regulatory requirements, changing customer engagement models, focus on renewable energy generation and innovations in operations. We enable organizations in the Utilities industry to excel by focusing on innovative technology, synchronizing people, process and technology and streamlining business processes across a full breadth of applications.
- The US Geography continues to be the largest geography for us with a revenue share of 63.1% and it grew by 2.8% on a Q-o-Q basis. The major growth areas for us in the US geography are Engineering, PLM & Digital. We are witnessing good traction around manufacturing 4.0, analytics and automation using artificial intelligence. Customers are looking at embracing Bimodal approach – consolidating & reducing costs while focusing on strategic programs around Digital. In the US, we are hiring local professionals laterally and freshers at our centers in Raleigh and Detroit.
- Europe geography with a revenue share of 20%, declined by 3.4% sequentially during this quarter. Europe geography saw the IT revenue holding up with all the major customers stable or growing. Auto Engineering showed very good traction in all practices, particularly ePowertrain, AD-ADAS and diagnostics. We are implementing new channels of recruitment and looking at building near shore delivery capabilities to address the issue of onsite resource constraints in Germany. We expect the Europe geography to continue growing at a quick pace, especially Germany and are planning to invest in a consolidated office campus in Munich, Germany.
- During this quarter, we saw a decline of 4.4% in Asia geography, while it contributed 16.8% to the total revenues. Asia has been growing well for us and the decline this quarter is because of the decline in our products revenues. We see good traction in the areas of IOT and Digital Transformation. While Logistics & Supply chain still a focus industry for us, we could see number of Commercial Fleet OEMs and Fleet operators investing in 'Connected Vehicle' roadmap with us. We are also seeing good traction in the market from our installed base of JD Edwards, where there is keenness to further improve the ROI by adopting innovative cloud-based solutions. We could also see good interest from local bus manufacturing companies for our REVOLO EV technology and have already initiated working on few programs locally in ASEAN region.
*All the revenue growth numbers mentioned under IBU, Geography and SBU update are in equivalent $ terms.
- We have filed 4 patents during the quarter in automotive and medical domain. With this the total number of patents filed as on Q1 FY19 end stood at 60, including 55 patents with complete specifications.
- We were also granted 4 patents during this quarter taking the total count of granted patents to 44. The details of granted patents in Q1 FY19 are mentioned below:
Patent Number | Patent Title | Country | Domain |
IN295396 | A Motor Mounting and Transmission System | India | Hybrid |
JP 2016-524942 | A Dynamically Adjustable Suspension Device | Japan | Chassis |
33705 | Retrofit system for converting a vehicle into one of a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and electric vehicle (EV) | Colombia | Electric Vehicle |
10-2012-7009598 | Method of Converting Vehicle into Hybrid Vehicle | South Korea | Hybrid |
- KPIT was chosen by a global automobile maker for its expertise within the Autonomous Driving space.
- KPIT has begun an engagement with a leading multinational Tier1 within the Vehicle Electrification space.
- KPIT was selected as a strategic engagement partner by a major multinational automobile maker within the Infotainment and Connectivity space.
- An American multinational oil and gas corporation selected KPIT for a JD Edwards rollout extension project.
- A Fortune 500 medical technologies firm selected KPIT for a JD Edwards AMS extension project within the Asia-Pacific region.
- A Middle East-based shipping and logistics conglomerate selected KPIT for an Oracle Cloud technologies implementation project.
- An electricity supplier from the North American region selected KPIT for SAP S/4HANA implementation and upgrades projects.
- A North America headquartered management services company selected KPIT for SAP SuccessFactors implementations in the European Union and Americas regions.
- A North America-based multinational aerospace and transportation company selected KPIT for an Application Lifecycle Management implementation project..
Revenue Update
Profitability
Details | Rs. Million |
Cash Profit for Q2 FY19 | 1,188 |
Working Capital Adjustments | (553) |
Cash Generated from Operations | 635 |
Fixed Assets | (269) |
Balance Cash Flow | 366 |
Dividend Payment | (554) |
Debt Repayment | (249) |
Total Increase/(Decrease) in cash balance | (438) |
Total Net Cash balance as at Q1 FY19 end | (3,303) |
- The Cash Balance as at September 30, 2018 stood at Rs. 6,096 Million (Rs. 6,533 Million as on June 30, 2018).
- The DSO were at 77 days, at the quarter end.
- As on September 30, 2018 our total debt stood at Rs. 2,793 Million (Rs. 3,035 Million as of June 30, 2018) comprising of Rs. 902 Million of Term Loan and Rs. 1,891 Million of Working Capital Loan.
- Thus, the Net Cash Balance as at September 30, 2018 stood at Rs. 3,303 Million (Rs. 3,498 Million as on June 30, 2018).
Rs. Million |
Q1 FY19
|
Q4 FY18
|
Q-o-Q Growth
|
Q1 FY18
|
Y-o-Y Growth
|
Sales |
10,138.40
|
9,664.32
|
4.91%
|
8,703.61
|
16.48%
|
Employee Benefit Expenses |
6,310.73
|
6,088.39
|
3.65%
|
5,386.99
|
17.15%
|
Cost of materials consumed |
50.12
|
184.22
|
(72.79%)
|
119.35
|
(58.01%)
|
Depreciation & Amortization Expenses |
270.48
|
256.41
|
5.49%
|
190.37
|
42.08%
|
Other Expenses |
2,549.27
|
2,293.43
|
11.16%
|
2,402.35
|
6.12%
|
Total Expenses |
9,180.60
|
8,822.45
|
4.06%
|
8,099.06
|
13.35%
|
Profit before Other Income, Finance costs & Exceptional Item |
957.80
|
841.87
|
13.77%
|
604.55
|
58.43%
|
Other Income |
162.04
|
190.52
|
(14.95%)
|
120.53
|
34.44%
|
Profit before Finance costs & exceptional Items |
1,119.84
|
1,032.39
|
8.47%
|
725.08
|
54.44%
|
Finance costs |
53.59
|
28.55
|
87.71%
|
25.60
|
-
|
Profit after Finance costs & before exceptional Items |
1,066.25
|
1,003.84
|
6.22%
|
699.48
|
52.43%
|
Exceptional Items |
-
|
-
|
-
|
25.55
|
-
|
Profit Before Tax |
1,066.25
|
1,003.84
|
6.22%
|
725.03
|
47.06%
|
Tax Expenses |
240.70
|
165.38
|
45.54%
|
169.80
|
41.76%
|
Net Profit from ordinary activities after Tax |
825.55
|
838.46
|
(1.54%)
|
555.23
|
48.69%
|
Extraordinary Items |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Net Profit for the Period |
825.55
|
838.46
|
(1.54%)
|
555.23
|
48.69%
|
Share of profit from associate |
(39.60)
|
(72.48)
|
(45.36%)
|
-
|
-
|
Minority Interest |
11.62
|
5.95
|
95.29%
|
0.70
|
-
|
PAT |
774.33
|
760.03
|
1.88%
|
554.53
|
39.64%
|
Other Comprehensive Income |
200.65
|
144.57
|
38.79%
|
48.58
|
-
|
Total Comprehensive income for the period |
974.98
|
904.60
|
7.78%
|
603.11
|
61.66%
|
Paid up Capital |
379.86
|
379.03
|
-
|
376.76
|
-
|
EPS (Rs. 2/-Face Value each) |
|
|
|
|
|
- Basic |
4.00
|
3.93
|
1.70%
|
2.89
|
38.62%
|
- Fully Diluted |
3.88
|
3.81
|
1.69%
|
2.78
|
39.28%
|
Common Size Analysis: |
|
|
|
|
|
Gross Profit Margin |
32.01%
|
31.30%
|
0.71%
|
26.70%
|
5.30%
|
SG&A / Revenue |
19.89%
|
19.93%
|
(0.04%)
|
17.57%
|
2.32%
|
EBITDA Margin |
12.12%
|
11.36%
|
0.75%
|
9.14%
|
2.98%
|
Net Profit Margin |
7.64%
|
7.86%
|
(0.23%)
|
6.37%
|
1.27%
|
FIELD1 |
Q1 FY19
|
Q4 FY18
|
Q-o-Q Growth
|
Q1 FY18
|
Y-o-Y Growth
|
Revenue Spread - Geography | |||||
USA |
63.12%
|
61.54%
|
7.59%
|
63.91%
|
15.04%
|
Europe |
20.04%
|
20.79%
|
1.12%
|
18.82%
|
24.05%
|
Rest of World |
16.84%
|
17.67%
|
0.01%
|
17.27%
|
13.59%
|
Revenue Spread - Verticals |
|
|
|
|
|
Automotive & Transportation |
46.67%
|
45.84%
|
6.80%
|
41.88%
|
29.80%
|
Manufacturing |
29.27%
|
28.39%
|
8.14%
|
30.74%
|
10.92%
|
Energy & Utilities |
18.42%
|
17.87%
|
8.13%
|
17.60%
|
21.85%
|
Others |
5.64%
|
7.90%
|
(25.03%)
|
9.77%
|
(32.74%)
|
Revenue Spread - by SBU* |
|
|
|
|
|
Integrated Enterprise Solutions |
30.28%
|
29.56%
|
7.46%
|
31.47%
|
12.08%
|
Product Engineering Services |
38.23%
|
36.31%
|
10.46%
|
31.61%
|
40.89%
|
Products & Platforms |
3.26%
|
5.41%
|
(36.82%)
|
5.50%
|
(31.01%)
|
SAP |
17.70%
|
18.39%
|
0.96%
|
21.61%
|
(4.60%)
|
Digital Transformation^ |
10.53%
|
10.33%
|
6.94%
|
9.81%
|
25.04%
|
Customer details |
|
|
|
|
|
No. of Customers Added |
3
|
4
|
-
|
2
|
-
|
No. of Active Customers |
244
|
241
|
-
|
230
|
-
|
Customers with run rate of >$1Mn |
93
|
94
|
-
|
90
|
-
|
Strategic Top 20 Clients |
52.51%
|
51.76%
|
6.44%
|
51.56%
|
18.65%
|
Strategic Top 40 Clients |
65.06%
|
63.08%
|
8.21%
|
60.63%
|
25.00%
|
Onsite / Offshore Split |
|
|
|
|
|
Onsite Revenues |
54.20%
|
52.47%
|
8.36%
|
53.10%
|
18.90%
|
Offshore Revenue |
45.14%
|
46.52%
|
1.79%
|
43.64%
|
20.49%
|
SI# |
0.66%
|
1.01%
|
(31.45%)
|
3.26%
|
(76.42%)
|
Revenue by Contract Type |
|
|
|
|
|
Time and Material Basis |
59.78%
|
60.61%
|
3.47%
|
61.90%
|
12.50%
|
Fixed Price / Time Basis |
39.55%
|
38.38%
|
8.10%
|
34.84%
|
32.23%
|
SI# |
0.66%
|
1.01%
|
(31.45%)
|
3.26%
|
(76.42%)
|
Debtors (days) |
73
|
70
|
-
|
76
|
-
|
Human Resources – Details |
Q1 FY19
|
Q4 FY19
|
Q-o-Q Growth
|
Q1 FY18
|
Y-o-Y Growth
|
Development Team - Onsite (Avg.) |
1,856
|
1,764
|
-
|
1,692
|
-
|
Development Team - Offshore (Avg.) |
9,965
|
9,712
|
-
|
9,608
|
-
|
Onsite FTE |
1,734
|
1,643
|
5.55%
|
1,513
|
14.59%
|
Offshore FTE |
7,098
|
7,085
|
0.19%
|
6,614
|
7.32%
|
Total FTE |
8,832
|
8,655
|
1.20%
|
8,127
|
8.67%
|
Development (at Quarter end) |
12,040
|
11,626
|
-
|
11,368
|
-
|
Gen Management / Support (at Quarter end) |
651
|
645
|
-
|
635
|
-
|
Marketing (Subsidiaries) (at Quarter end) |
260
|
256
|
-
|
258
|
-
|
Total (at Quarter end) |
12,951
|
12,527
|
-
|
12,261
|
-
|
Onsite utilization |
93.42%
|
93.12%
|
-
|
89.43%
|
-
|
Offshore utilization |
71.23%
|
72.95%
|
-
|
68.84%
|
-
|
The currency market has been extremely volatile in the recent period and the company has major exposure in 3 currencies- USD, Euro and GBP. As per our hedging policy, we cover 75% of the net exposure through forward contracts for the next two quarters.
Total amount of USD hedges as on 30th June 2018 : $45.80 Million
These hedges are maturing in the next 2 quarters and average rate for these hedges is Rs 67.34/$
Balance Sheet Summary: As at (Rs. Million) |
30-Jun-18
|
31-Mar-18
|
Assets: | ||
Non-current Assets: |
10,889.29
|
10,756.77
|
Fixed Assets |
4,562.07
|
4,334.61
|
Goodwill |
4,400.16
|
4,275.06
|
Other Non-current assets |
1,927.06
|
2,147.10
|
Current Assets: |
17,568.53
|
16,572.17
|
Inventories |
263.3
|
238.77
|
Trade Receivables |
8,427.97
|
8,057.00
|
Cash & bank balances |
4,881.75
|
5,049.30
|
Other Current Assets |
3,995.51
|
3,227.10
|
Total Assets |
28,457.82
|
27,328.94
|
Equity & Liabilities: |
|
|
Equity: |
19,226.89
|
18,204.83
|
Share Capital |
379.86
|
379.03
|
Other Equity |
18,800.07
|
17,790.13
|
Non-controlling Interest |
46.96
|
35.67
|
Non-current Liabilities: |
1,624.31
|
1,505.85
|
Financial liabilities |
859.41
|
818.20
|
Provisions |
764.65
|
687.44
|
Deferred tax liabilities |
0.25
|
0.21
|
Current Liabilities: |
7,606.62
|
7,618.26
|
Short term borrowings |
1,993.06
|
2,109.09
|
Trade Payables |
1,665.45
|
1,587.16
|
Other Current liabilities |
3,948.11
|
3,922.01
|
Total Equity & Liabilities |
28,457.82
|
27,328.94
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KPIT (BSE:532400, NSE: KPIT) is a global technology company specializing in providing IT Consulting and Product Engineering solutions and services to Automotive, Manufacturing, Energy & Utilities and Life Sciences companies. Together with its customers and partners, it creates and delivers technologies to enable creating a cleaner, greener and more intelligent world that is sustainable and efficient.
Some of the statements in this update that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include our financial and growth projections as well as statements concerning our plans, strategies, intentions and beliefs concerning our business and the markets in which we operate. These statements are based on information currently available to us, and we assume no obligation to update these statements as circumstances change. There are risks and uncertainties that could cause actual events to differ materially from these forward-looking statements. These risks include, but are not limited to, the level of market demand for our services, the highly-competitive market for the types of services that we offer, market conditions that could cause our customers to reduce Their spending for our services, our ability to create, acquire and build new businesses and to grow our existing businesses, our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel, currency fluctuations and market conditions in India and elsewhere around the world, and other risks not specifically mentioned herein but those that are common to industry.
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